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Avant-garde
the Term "Avant-guard" has been initially used for the description of the advanced part of army (also named avant-guard), which the first comes into contact to the opponent. Further this name has extended and on groups of creative people (artists, designers) which consider itself innovative, and are ahead of the majority. In the middle of 20 centuries the term "Avant-guard" has passed and to design of interiors.
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Empire style
Style the Empire style is a majestic luxury with elements of military attributes, which has been chosen by Napoleon to underline the triumph. For this style characters symmetry, straight lines, grandness and solemnity. To the greatest artists of Europe Napoleon has charged to create interiors, comparable on the greatness with Greek, on luxury - with Roman and on grandness - with Egyptian.
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Victorian style
the Victorian period of 19th century in England was time of main recesses and social shocks. At the time of Industrial revolution considerable economic growth which occurred thanks to achievements in the field of manufacture was observed, and has most strongly mentioned middle class. Having improved the well-being, people wished to change shape of the house, however, did not know, with what it to begin. As a result they chose architecture and the design earlier accessible only to the higher classes.
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Antique style
it is primary on islands of Aegean sea ancient Greeks have created so harmonious and complete architecture that it became the standard for imitation not only for architects of the ancient world, but also a basis for medieval styles: the Renaissance, Classicism, Neoclassicism. Remember that for an antique interior big enough premises are required. The interior should be simple, but at the same time found, and should differ absence of superfluous details.
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Art Deco
Art-Deko / Style of stars (from French Аrt Deco under the exhibition name 1925г. In Paris « Art Decoration » – «Decorative art») it was formed and was popular with 1925 for 1940. This movement of design art representing a mix of various styles and movements of the beginning of 20 centuries. Art-Deko means luxury, and it speaks reaction of rich people to the compelled economy round them because of involving of the countries in which this style developed, in the First World War.
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African style
the African ethnic style all becomes more popular that is quite explainable. Bright warm colours of Africa will easily distract you from daily cares and will introduce new impressions in your life. Thus it is completely not obligatory to transform your house into similarity of the African hut: the African style will perfectly be entered in your interior and at the due approach will not clash with the newest electronics and home appliances.
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Baroque
the Baroque taste has arisen in Italy 17 centuries and has extended across all Europe. For this style the ostentatious luxury though it keeps in itself(himself) such important line of classical style, as symmetry is characteristic. Baroque will not approach for small premises as massive furniture and ornaments take a lot of place and that the room did not look as a museum, there should be a lot of a free space.
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Gothic
the Word a gothic style has occurred from Italian gotico that means unusual, barbarous. Ancient Romans named готами all tribes interfering in their empire from the north, and historically a word gotico long time was abusive. In modern sense the term "gothic style" has applied Dzhordzho Vazari to separate an epoch of the Renaissance from the Middle Ages. Approximate time of development of a gothic style: c 1250 for 1520. In Gothic style the special place was taken away religions, and it is possible to consider as style symbols a Catholic cross and a cathedral.
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Egyptian style
In 1922 two Englishmen: Egyptologist Howard Carter and the archeologist-fan the lord Caernarvon - have found out a tomb of Tutanhamona. It became the most grandiose opening for all history of archeology. In a tomb the sarcophagus from 110 kg of pure gold with a mummy of the Pharaoh, and also numerous ornaments was found out. Since then the fashion included the Egyptian style of registration of interiors as after the spent excavation it became known about a life of ancient Egyptians much more.
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Indian style
the Indian civilisation one of the most ancient on our planet also is rather original. More than 4000 years develop the Indian culture. About 520 years BC the part of the Indian subcontinent has been won by the Persian empire, and in 334 year BC Alexander the Great, having passed with the army through the Persian earths, has reached northwest borders of India. He has won in fight for the Indian kingdom Punjab. These events have considerably affected culture of India and as a result the Greek-Buddhist culture on which the Indian ethnic style of interiors is based was generated.
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Country style
the Word "country" is translated from English as "village", "country" or "native land". The basic idea of style of the country consists in creating an interior and furniture of the rural house. Interior registration can be very different: it is possible to aspire to recreate Russian log hut, the Belarus hut, the Ukrainian mud hut, the American ranch or even Brazilian гасиенду. That you have not chosen, style of the country will speak about your adherence to a rural way of life.
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Kitsch
the Term the kitsch or кич occurs from German kitsch which has been in turn formed or from deformed sketch (that in a translation from English "etude" means), or from verkitschen (from German - to "vulgarise"). The word "kitsch" has arisen on art markets of a city of Munich in 60-70th years of a XIX-th century. It designated cheap, but quickly sold pictures: copies of known works of art and sketches nothing of outstanding artists. Products in style a kitsch satisfied requirements of the grown rich bourgeoisie which tried to imitate in all to the higher class.
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Classicism
the Concept classical style or classicism (French classicisme ) is formed from Latin classicus that "exemplary" means. Classical style actively developed in XVII-XIX centuries. At the time of classicism it was accepted to perceive a cultural heritage of antique times as the sample for imitation. Domination of classical style can be seen in rich houses of the French nobility of times of Louis XIV. Versailles, a pearl of the French architecture, have been constructed and decorated in style of classicism.
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Constructivism
Style constructivism has arisen in Russia and for the first time has been used in the book of the artist and the theorist of art Alexey Mihajlovicha Gana. The order existing in those days forced art to serve manufacture, instead of the person. «The house is a car for habitation» the known architect and designer Charles Le Corbusier spoke about this style. This style well will approach those who likes an ideal geometrical order in the house.
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Mannerism
the Term mannerism occurs from the Italian word manierismo that "artificiality" or "pretentiousness" means. Style mannerism developed since XVI century on first third of XVII-th century and was transitive from the harmonious Renaissance to pretentiousness of baroque. Event, порадившим mannerism, is considered plunder of Rome in 1527 when 34 thousand mercenaries to which have not paid the salary, have plundered and have ruined Rome. Art values of an epoch of the Renaissance have been lost. The basic idea of creation of style of mannerism indoors – display of special attention to interior details.
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Minimal art
Style the minimalism is development of ideas of constructivism and a functionalism. The impressive and sluggish XIX-th century was replaced prompt XX. Industry Rapid growth, opening of set of new technologies have changed rate of a life of people. Now not only aristocrats participate in a social life, and disposal of conventions – the important direction in society development. In design simplification of heavy historical styles, disposal of a magnificent decor has led to minimalism occurrence, with its simple forms and limiting functionality.
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Art nouveau
the Modernist style actively developed in the end of XIX – the beginning of the XX-th century and differs from predecessors refusal of straight lines and corners in favour of natural, more natural lines and interest to new technologies. It is remarkable that in each country the modernist style is called differently. In the USA it « тиффани », by name the outstanding artist and designer Luis Komfort Tiffani. In France - « ar-nuvo » (art nouveau, new исскуство) and « фин де сьекль » (fin de siecle, the end of the century). In Germany - « югендштиль » (Jugendstil), under the name of illustrated magazine Die Jugend based in 1896.
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Renascence
the Term "Renaissance" has occurred from French renaissance and Italian rinascimento , and is translated into Russian as "revival". Style the Renaissance actively developed with XIV till XVI centuries. The basic distinctive feature of an epoch of the Renaissance – interest to the person and its activity, so-called anthropocentrism. Also there was again an interest to antiquity and its cultural heritage that has marked the termination of an epoch of the Middle Ages. The shape of premises at the time of the Renaissance also has exchanged according to changes in a society life.
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Rococo
the Term "rococo" occurs from French « rocaille », designating the decorative motive of the refined form reminding sea bowls. Style of rococo has appeared in the middle of 18 centuries and it is considered a late stage of baroque. However, this easy, playful and elegant style differs from grandiose and grandiose baroque. Rococo often reproach with recklessness, however, behind its external playfulness refinement, excellent art taste and perfection of forms disappears.
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Romanesque style
the Concept Romance style has occurred from Latin romanus that is translated as "Roman". Style actively developed with X till XIII century. As a whole, style used полуциркульные arches and the arches of ancient Roman architecture. In Romance style made out basically church structures, such as stone temples and monastic complexes. In those days the most part of achievements of Roman empire has been forgotten, the society in the European countries developed under the strict power of church. Romance style of registration is gloomy enough.
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Scandinavian style
In the XX-th century beginning the Scandinavian designers have generated philosophy of registration of furniture and dwelling. The long, cold winter and the short, cool summer, the limited quantity of solar beams and the bright nature have generated interest to a cosiness and beauty of dwelling. Nevertheless, the Scandinavian style has incorporated such lines of the server people, as restraint and severity.
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Techno style
Style of the Techno has arisen in the eighties the XX-th centuries, in those days, when people have felt changes from arrival of an information technology to an everyday life. Style of a techno – use of modern technologies in interior creation, sometimes even to the detriment of functionality. The basic idea of style of a techno in using an aesthetics технологизма in such a manner that style balances on the verge with ugliness of a technogenic zone. Thanks to such balance the maximum expressiveness of style also is reached.
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Functionalism
Style the functionalism has been put by German school Bauhaus in 1920-1930. Ideas of a functionalism are outwardly very similar to ideas of Russian constructivism. However, the basic difference of these two styles is a relation at the right time. The western functionalism is connected with modern technical possibilities while constructivism is focused in the future, in a socialist Utopia. Style a functionalism is chosen by those who wants as much as possible convenient and comfortable vital conditions in rather small space that is very actual for inhabitants sew the countries.
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High-tech
Style hi-tech has appeared in England in the seventies the XX-th centuries. Initially it was style of designing of industrial premises. One of the basic theorists and experts of style hi-tech is Norman Foster which constructed well-known London "skyscraper-cucumber" and have realised set of other projects in this style. Hi-tech became logic development of architectural constructivism of 20-30th years of the XX-th century. The sense of this style in interior registration consists in using high technologies and роботизацию for creation of a functional and beautiful premise.
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Eclecticism
Style eclecticism actively developed with 30 for 90th years of a XIX-th century. The basic idea of style is mixture of elements of styles the Renaissance, baroque, rococo, a gothic style etc. for creation of an unusual interior. The main task of style eclecticism – to introduce convenience and comfort, and also a combination of modern stylistics and past history. That mixture of styles did not cause contradictions, it is necessary, that subjects in an interior had something the general. For example, it is possible to use subjects with the identical invoice or colour, or, maybe, executed of one material.
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Expressionism
the Word an expressionism has occurred from Latin expressio that in transfer means "expression". This current in the European art actively developing from end ХIX on the XX-th century beginning. It is remarkable that the term "expressionism" began to be used only since 1911, thanks to the name of group of the artists exposing the works at an exhibition of Berlin Setsessiona. Important at creation of style the expressionism in an interior is to make impression upon people present at a premise, and has no value, or negative this impression is positive.
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Japanese style
More than 2 thousand years develop the Japanese culture. Initial influence of the Chinese style of registration of structures has been in due course considerably processed and developed set of own approaches inherent in exclusively Japan. For the Japanese style the aspiration to minimalism and, at the same time, attention to trifles is characteristic. For Japanese the house is only a garden part, and the Buddhist aspiration to live in harmony with the nature has allowed the Japanese ethnic style to become one of the most interesting in the modern world.
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